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Outside Broadcast Quiz
How ‘sound’ is your understanding of what goes into creating amazing audio? Take our quick test and see how you rate!
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Question 1:
What is the purpose of a "shotgun microphone" in an Outside Broadcast (OB) setup?
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They are microphones fitted to security cameras in banks
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsThey are microphones used on farming or general agricultural productions
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsShotgun microphones are highly directional and used to capture sound from a specific direction, making them ideal for picking up distant sounds while rejecting ambient noise in noisy OB environments.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsThey are used in certain types of wedding videos
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Question 2:
Explain the term "mix-minus" and its importance in OB audio mixing.
Explain the term "mix-minus" and its importance in OB audio mixing.
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It refers to a programme only containing music
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt occurs when a sound crew is under-staffed
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt refers to a programme only containing dialogue
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsMix-minus is a technique where the audio feed sent to a remote participant does not include their own voice, preventing feedback and ensuring clear communication.
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Question 3:
What role does "audio delay" play in OB broadcasts, and how is it managed?
What role does "audio delay" play in OB broadcasts, and how is it managed?
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It is when a sound freelancer waits more than 30 days to be paid and they are required to make many fruitless telephone calls to their employer.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsAudio delay is used to synchronize audio with delayed video feeds or to compensate for signal processing delays, ensuring lip-sync accuracy in OB broadcasts.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is when a presenter arrives late for a broadcast and a ‘highlights package’ is played to fill time.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is when a panel of guests talk long after a game has been televised to ensure that more advertising space can be sold on the broadcast channel.
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Question 4:
Describe the function of a "patch bay" in an OB truck.
Describe the function of a "patch bay" in an OB truck.
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It is a fictional coastal location that audio engineers retire to for the quality of fishing it provides
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is where scraps of cloth are kept to quickly repair embarrassing rips in clothing
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsA patch bay allows audio engineers to quickly connect various audio sources and destinations in the OB truck, facilitating flexibility and troubleshooting during live broadcasts
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is where the telephone operator sits to route incoming telephone calls to the Outside Broadcast vehicle
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Question 5:
Why is "audio compression" used in OB audio processing, and what are its benefits?
Why is "audio compression" used in OB audio processing, and what are its benefits?
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It enables thinner, lighter cables to be used
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsAudio compression reduces the dynamic range of audio signals, making quiet sounds louder and loud sounds quieter, ensuring a consistent audio level and preventing distortion in OB broadcasts
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt allows a much smaller truck to be used for the audio equipment
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt allows the sound crew to work shorter hours than the camera crew
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Question 6:
Explain the concept of "gain structure" in relation to OB audio systems.
Explain the concept of "gain structure" in relation to OB audio systems.
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Gain structure refers to the way in which we learn from our mistakes
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsGain structure refers to the rates of pay for the different members of the sound crew
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsGain structure refers to the rate of pay for working overtime
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsGain structure refers to the optimal levels of audio signals throughout the audio chain, from microphone input to output, ensuring minimal noise and distortion in OB broadcasts.
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Question 7:
Describe the process of "phantom power" and its relevance to OB microphones.
Describe the process of "phantom power" and its relevance to OB microphones.
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It is a humorous, harmless trick to play on trainees that involves them receiving non-lethal, but unexpected, electrical shocks
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsPhantom power provides DC voltage through microphone cables to power condenser microphones.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is when a switch is faulty and delivers power whether it is in the ‘on’ or ‘off’ position
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is when a microphone that was ‘off’ switches itself back ‘on’ and a presenter is heard making an unprofessional or libellous comment on air.
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Question 8:
Why is "phase coherence" important when using multiple microphones in OB broadcasts?
Why is "phase coherence" important when using multiple microphones in OB broadcasts?
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It is a useful phrase to offer the director in the event of you making a late fade in a panel discussion
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is a useful phrase to drop into a conversation if you need to get away from someone in a hurry.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is when a new style of microphone appears on the scene, and for a short while every presenter seems to be wearing them e.g. headset mics
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsPhase coherence ensures that audio signals from multiple microphones are aligned in phase, preventing phase cancellation and ensuring clear and natural sound in OB broadcasts.
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Question 9:
What is the function of a "noise gate" in OB audio processing, and when is it typically applied?
What is the function of a "noise gate" in OB audio processing, and when is it typically applied?
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It refers to the door between the production gallery and the sound control room
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsA noise gate is used to reduce background noise by attenuating audio signals below a certain threshold, applied to individual microphone channels during OB broadcasts to enhance clarity.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is used to hold the crowd back from pre- and post-match interviews
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt refers to a manual sound effect of squeaking being made live to air
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Question 10:
Explain the term "panning" as it relates to OB audio mixing.
Explain the term "panning" as it relates to OB audio mixing.
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It refers to a particular control knob on the audio console that looks like a saucepan
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt refers to a filter that allows small words to pass straight through, whilst longer words are captured and sent to air
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsPanning adjusts the placement of audio signals between left and right channels in the stereo field, creating a sense of space and directionality in OB audio mixes.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt relates to unfair criticism of the sound supervisor’s mixing ability
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Question 11:
What safety precautions should be observed when handling RF (radio frequency) equipment in OB productions?
What safety precautions should be observed when handling RF (radio frequency) equipment in OB productions?
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It is good practice to keep any credit or debit cards at least 5 metres away from a radio microphone to prevent your PIN number being transmitted
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is good practice to wear gloves when changing a presenter’s radio transmitter pack as the unit can get dangerously hot
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsWhen handling RF equipment, precautions include using frequency coordination to avoid interference, ensuring proper antenna placement, and adhering to local regulations on RF emissions to maintain signal integrity in OB productions.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsIt is always best to keep presenter radio mic transmitters away from chocolate bars as they can cause the chocolate to melt
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Question 12:
Why is "headroom" important in OB audio mixing, and how is it managed?
Why is "headroom" important in OB audio mixing, and how is it managed?
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The Headroom is where headphones are disinfected after every OB.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsHealth and Safety legislation prescribes that all OB vehicles must have ceilings more than 2.1 metres high
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsThe Headroom is where the OB Production Manager sits whilst other people are working
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsHeadroom refers to the amount of available audio signal level above the average operating level, ensuring that sudden peaks do not cause distortion in OB audio mixes, managed by setting appropriate gain levels and using compressors.
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Question 13:
What are the primary differences between "dynamic" and "condenser" microphones, and when might each be used in OB broadcasts?
What are the primary differences between "dynamic" and "condenser" microphones, and when might each be used in OB broadcasts?
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Dynamic microphones are explosive under certain conditions, whilst condenser microphones have a tendency to ‘steam up’.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsDynamic microphones are best suited to presenters with an outgoing personality, whilst condenser microphones are better suited to shy guests
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsDynamic microphones are exciting to look at, whilst condenser microphones have a tendency to be very small in size
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsDynamic microphones are robust and handle high sound pressure levels well, suitable for live OB environments. Condenser microphones are more sensitive and capture detail, ideal for capturing nuanced sounds in controlled OB settings.
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Question 14:
Explain the role of "audio monitoring" in an OB production environment.
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Audio monitoring is used to remotely listen for the sound supervisor waking up or crying
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsAudio monitoring involves ensuring that the sound crew turn up on time and do not go home early
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsAudio monitoring involves listening to audio feeds from various sources to ensure quality and consistency in OB broadcasts, using headphones or speakers to check levels, clarity, and balance.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsAudio monitoring is used to record the sound supervisors heart rate during a live transmission
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Question 15:
Describe the process of "sound reinforcement" in large-scale OB events.
Describe the process of "sound reinforcement" in large-scale OB events.
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Sound reinforcement involves bringing in extra sound crew if things get difficult on site
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsSound reinforcement involves amplifying and distributing audio throughout a venue during OB events to ensure clear and balanced sound coverage for live audiences and broadcast viewers.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsSound reinforcement involves explaining to others the importance of the sound department
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsSound reinforcement involves using heavy-gauge sheet steel for the flight cases of sensitive audio equipment
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Question 16:
Why is "EQ (equalization)" necessary in OB audio mixing, and how is it applied?
Why is "EQ (equalization)" necessary in OB audio mixing, and how is it applied?
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Equalization is when everyone on the sound crew is paid exactly the same daily rate.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsEqualization means selecting a sound crew to be roughly all the same height, when taken from a pool of freelance staff (see also ‘headroom’)
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsEqualization means selecting a sound crew to be roughly all the same weight when taken from a pool of freelance staff (see also ‘sound reinforcement’)
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsEqualization (EQ) adjusts the frequency response of audio signals, boosting or attenuating specific frequencies to improve clarity and balance in OB audio mixes, applied to individual channels or the overall mix.
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Question 17:
Explain the concept of "feedback" in OB audio systems, and how can it be prevented?
Explain the concept of "feedback" in OB audio systems, and how can it be prevented?
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Feedback is when the guarantee engineer sits behind the sound supervisor and eats food whilst the programme is live to air
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsFeedback occurs when audio from a speaker is picked up by a microphone and re-amplified, creating a loop of escalating noise. Preventing feedback in OB systems involves careful microphone placement, EQ adjustments, and monitor management.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsFeedback is when the crew meals are provided on-site but eaten whilst sitting on upturned flight cases in the equipment tender
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsFeedback is when crew packed lunches are returned untouched
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Question 18:
What measures should be taken to ensure "audio consistency" across different OB locations?
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Audio consistency means that as a freelancer you either work on sport or reality television
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsAudio consistency across different OB locations commonly involves the same small group of sound freelancers being favoured for every job
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsMaintaining audio consistency across OB locations requires using standardized equipment and settings, conducting sound checks, and adjusting for acoustical differences between venues.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsAudio consistency is given to mean early mornings, late nights and long hours on-site.
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Question 19:
Describe the advantages of using "digital audio consoles" in OB trucks compared to analogue consoles.
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Digital audio consoles take advantage of the latest AI technology meaning that years of training are no longer necessary to become an audio supervisor
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsDigital audio consoles offer enhanced processing capabilities, flexible routing options, and automation features compared to analogue consoles, providing OB audio engineers with greater control and efficiency.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsAnalogue consoles are heavier than digital consoles due to the heavier weight of full frequency analogue signals
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsDigital consoles are cheaper as they only have to process 1’s and 0’s rather than real audio signals
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Question 20:
Explain the term "broadcast mix" and its significance in OB audio production.
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A broadcast mix is a varied selection of lollies / candies / sweets kept on the side of the mixing console for consumption during a live programme
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsA broadcast mix is a sound crew with a full complement of pronouns
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsA broadcast mix is the final audio mix prepared for transmission during OB broadcasts, combining audio from various sources and applying processing to achieve a balanced and polished sound.
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Add RecommendationAdd TagsView All Assigned TagsA broadcast mix is one where the crowd can be heard but not the commentators in a busy pub environment
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